JSch基本使用

woff · 發表於 2019-2-20 23:04:30

JSch 是SSH2的一個純Java實現。它允許你連接到一個sshd 服務器，使用端口轉發，X11轉發，文件傳輸等等。你可以將它的功能集成到你自己的程序中。同時該項目也提供一個J2ME版本用來在手機上直連SSHD服務器。

官網: http://www.jcraft.com/jsch/中有很多例子http://www.jcraft.com/jsch/examples/，這裡先採用（已做修改）其中2個來進行簡單論述，希望對大家有所幫助。
本文采用的jsch版本是0.1.51.下載地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/jsch/files/jsch/0.1.54/jsch-0.1.54.zip/download。
本文采用的Linux操作系統是CentOS6.5.

TIPS: 查看Linux操作系統（內核）版本可以使用：uname -a; uname -r; cat /etc/issue; cat /etc/redhat-release等命令。

第一個例子：採用Java模擬shell操作。
這裡涉及到幾個參數，會在下面的代碼中有所體現：

USER：所連接的Linux主機登錄時的用戶名
PASSWORD：登錄密碼
HOST：主機地址
DEFAULT_SSH_PROT=端口號，默認為22

package com.test.jsch;
/**
* This program enables you to connect to sshd server and get the shell prompt.
* You will be asked username, hostname and passwd.
* If everything works fine, you will get the shell prompt. Output may
* be ugly because of lacks of terminal-emulation, but you can issue commands.
*/
import com.jcraft.jsch.JSch;
import com.jcraft.jsch.Session;
import com.jcraft.jsch.UserInfo;
import com.jcraft.jsch.Channel;
public class Shell{
private static final String USER="root";
private static final String PASSWORD="********";
private static final String HOST="localhost";
private static final int DEFAULT_SSH_PORT=22;
public static void main(String[] arg){
try{
JSch jsch=new JSch();
Session session = jsch.getSession(USER,HOST,DEFAULT_SSH_PORT);
session.setPassword(PASSWORD);
UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo() {
@Override
public String getPassphrase() {
System.out.println("getPassphrase");
return null;
}
@Override
public String getPassword() {
System.out.println("getPassword");
return null;
}
@Override
public boolean promptPassword(String s) {
System.out.println("promptPassword:"+s);
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean promptPassphrase(String s) {
System.out.println("promptPassphrase:"+s);
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean promptYesNo(String s) {
System.out.println("promptYesNo:"+s);
return true;//notice here!
}
@Override
public void showMessage(String s) {
System.out.println("showMessage:"+s);
}
};
session.setUserInfo(userInfo);
// It must not be recommended, but if you want to skip host-key check,
// invoke following,
// session.setConfig("StrictHostKeyChecking", "no");
//session.connect();
session.connect(30000); // making a connection with timeout.
Channel channel=session.openChannel("shell");
// Enable agent-forwarding.
//((ChannelShell)channel).setAgentForwarding(true);
channel.setInputStream(System.in);
/*
// a hack for MS-DOS prompt on Windows.
channel.setInputStream(new FilterInputStream(System.in){
public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len)throws IOException{
return in.read(b, off, (len>1024?1024:len));
}
});
*/
channel.setOutputStream(System.out);
/*
// Choose the pty-type "vt102".
((ChannelShell)channel).setPtyType("vt102");
*/
/*
// Set environment variable "LANG" as "ja_JP.eucJP".
((ChannelShell)channel).setEnv("LANG", "ja_JP.eucJP");
*/
//channel.connect();
channel.connect(3*1000);
}
catch(Exception e){
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}

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運行結果：

promptYesNo:
The authenticity of host '10.101.139.5' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 59:0f:32:fc:7b:54:3d:90:c0:ef:5a:6b:fb:11:55:e1.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting?
trueLast login: Thu Sep 29 18:40:56 2016 from 10.101.48.240
[root@hidden ~]#

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輸入ls查看：

(省略一些....)
[root@hidden ~]# ls
ls
1.txt install.log.syslog vmware-tools-distrib 模板文档桌面
anaconda-ks.cfg logs workspace 视频下载
install.log util 公共的图片音乐
[root@hidden ~]#

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這樣就和在原linux系統中一樣使用shell功能了。

如果需要跳過如下的檢測：

The authenticity of host '10.101.139.5' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 59:0f:32:fc:7b:54:3d:90:c0:ef:5a:6b:fb:11:55:e1.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting?

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只需要在程序中加入相應的代碼：

session.setConfig("StrictHostKeyChecking", "no");

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運行結果：

Last login: Thu Sep 29 18:39:18 2016 from 10.101.48.240
[root@hidden ~]#

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第二個例子：運行一條shell指令，這裡就那“ls”做例子好了。

沒有更多的話，告訴你代碼：

package com.test.jsch;
import com.jcraft.jsch.*;
import java.io.*;
public class Exec{
private static final String USER="root";
private static final String PASSWORD="********";
private static final String HOST="localhost";
private static final int DEFAULT_SSH_PORT=22;
public static void main(String[] arg){
try{
JSch jsch=new JSch();
Session session = jsch.getSession(USER,HOST,DEFAULT_SSH_PORT);
session.setPassword(PASSWORD);
// username and password will be given via UserInfo interface.
session.setUserInfo(new MyUserInfo());
session.connect();
String command="ls";
Channel channel=session.openChannel("exec");
((ChannelExec)channel).setCommand(command);
// X Forwarding
// channel.setXForwarding(true);
//channel.setInputStream(System.in);
channel.setInputStream(null);
//channel.setOutputStream(System.out);
//FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream("/tmp/stderr");
//((ChannelExec)channel).setErrStream(fos);
((ChannelExec)channel).setErrStream(System.err);
InputStream in=channel.getInputStream();
channel.connect();
byte[] tmp=new byte[1024];
while(true){
while(in.available()>0){
int i=in.read(tmp, 0, 1024);
if(i<0)break;
System.out.print(new String(tmp, 0, i));
}
if(channel.isClosed()){
if(in.available()>0) continue;
System.out.println("exit-status: "+channel.getExitStatus());
break;
}
try{Thread.sleep(1000);}catch(Exception ee){}
}
channel.disconnect();
session.disconnect();
}
catch(Exception e){
System.out.println(e);
}
}
private static class MyUserInfo implements UserInfo{
@Override
public String getPassphrase() {
System.out.println("getPassphrase");
return null;
}
@Override
public String getPassword() {
System.out.println("getPassword");
return null;
}
@Override
public boolean promptPassword(String s) {
System.out.println("promptPassword:"+s);
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean promptPassphrase(String s) {
System.out.println("promptPassphrase:"+s);
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean promptYesNo(String s) {
System.out.println("promptYesNo:"+s);
return true;//notice here!
}
@Override
public void showMessage(String s) {
System.out.println("showMessage:"+s);
}
}
}

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運行結果：

promptYesNo:The authenticity of host '10.101.139.5' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 59:0f:32:fc:7b:54:3d:90:c0:ef:5a:6b:fb:11:55:e1.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting?
1.txt
anaconda-ks.cfg
install.log
install.log.syslog
logs
util
vmware-tools-distrib
workspace
公共的
模板
视频
图片
文档
下载
音乐
桌面
exit-status: 0

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第二個例子相比於第一個例子來說將UserInfo採用static class的方式提取出來，這樣更直觀一點。

JSch是以多線程方式一下，所以代碼在connect後如果不disconnect channel和session,以及相關stream, 程序會一直等待，直到關閉。

需要注意的一個問題，相關的Stream和Channel是一定要關閉的，那麼應該在什麼時候來關？執行connect後，JSch接受客戶端結果需要一定的時間（以秒計），如果馬上關閉session就會發現什麼都沒接受到或內容不全。

還有一點注意，使用shell時，看到執行後沒有結果，解決辦法是在命令行後加上”\n”字符，server端就認為是一條完整的命令了。

最後將第一個和第二個例子合併，並提取一些公用模塊，以便更好的理解和使用：

package com.test.jsch;
import com.jcraft.jsch.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import static java.lang.String.format;
/**
* Created by hidden on 2016/9/29.
*/
public class SSHExecutor {
private static long INTERVAL = 100L;
private static int SESSION_TIMEOUT = 30000;
private static int CHANNEL_TIMEOUT = 3000;
private JSch jsch = null;
private Session session = null;
private SSHExecutor(SSHInfo sshInfo) throws JSchException {
jsch =new JSch();
session = jsch.getSession(sshInfo.getUser(),sshInfo.getHost(),sshInfo.getPort());
session.setPassword(sshInfo.getPassword());
session.setUserInfo(new MyUserInfo());
session.connect(SESSION_TIMEOUT);
}
/*
* 在这里修改访问入口,当然可以把这个方法弄到SSHExecutor外面，这里是方便操作才这么做的
* */
public static SSHExecutor newInstance() throws JSchException {
SSHInfo sshInfo = new SSHInfo("root","******","locahost",22);
return new SSHExecutor(sshInfo);
}
/*
* 注意编码转换
* */
public long shell(String cmd, String outputFileName) throws JSchException, IOException, InterruptedException {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
Channel channel = session.openChannel("shell");
PipedInputStream pipeIn = new PipedInputStream();
PipedOutputStream pipeOut = new PipedOutputStream( pipeIn );
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream( outputFileName, true);
channel.setInputStream(pipeIn);
channel.setOutputStream(fileOut);
channel.connect(CHANNEL_TIMEOUT);
pipeOut.write(cmd.getBytes());
Thread.sleep( INTERVAL );
pipeOut.close();
pipeIn.close();
fileOut.close();
channel.disconnect();
return System.currentTimeMillis() - start;
}
public int exec(String cmd) throws IOException, JSchException, InterruptedException {
ChannelExec channelExec = (ChannelExec)session.openChannel( "exec" );
channelExec.setCommand( cmd );
channelExec.setInputStream( null );
channelExec.setErrStream( System.err );
InputStream in = channelExec.getInputStream();
channelExec.connect();
int res = -1;
StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer( 1024 );
byte[] tmp = new byte[ 1024 ];
while ( true ) {
while ( in.available() > 0 ) {
int i = in.read( tmp, 0, 1024 );
if ( i < 0 ) break;
buf.append( new String( tmp, 0, i ) );
}
if ( channelExec.isClosed() ) {
res = channelExec.getExitStatus();
System.out.println( format( "Exit-status: %d", res ) );
break;
}
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(100);
}
System.out.println( buf.toString() );
channelExec.disconnect();
return res;
}
public Session getSession(){
return session;
}
public void close(){
getSession().disconnect();
}
/*
* SSH连接信息
* */
public static class SSHInfo{
private String user;
private String password;
private String host;
private int port;
public SSHInfo(String user, String password, String host, int port) {
this.user = user;
this.password = password;
this.host = host;
this.port = port;
}
public String getUser() {
return user;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public String getHost() {
return host;
}
public int getPort() {
return port;
}
}
/*
* 自定义UserInfo
* */
private static class MyUserInfo implements UserInfo{
@Override public String getPassphrase() { return null; }
@Override public String getPassword() { return null; }
@Override public boolean promptPassword(String s) { return false; }
@Override public boolean promptPassphrase(String s) { return false; }
@Override
public boolean promptYesNo(String s) {
System.out.println(s);
System.out.println("true");
return true;
}
@Override public void showMessage(String s) { }
}
}

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測試代碼：

SSHExecutor ssh = SSHExecutor.newInstance();
System.out.println("================");
long shell1 = ssh.shell("ls\n","C:\\Users\\hidden\\Desktop\\shell.txt");
long shell2 = ssh.shell("pwd\n","C:\\Users\\hidden\\Desktop\\shell.txt");
System.out.println("shell 1 执行了"+shell1+"ms");
System.out.println("shell 2 执行了"+shell2+"ms");
System.out.println("================");
int cmd1 = ssh.exec("ls\n");
ssh.close();

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測試結果：

The authenticity of host '10.101.139.5' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 59:0f:32:fc:7b:54:3d:90:c0:ef:5a:6b:fb:11:55:e1.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting?
true
================
shell 1 执行了142ms
shell 2 执行了132ms
================
Exit-status: 0
1.txt
anaconda-ks.cfg
install.log
install.log.syslog
logs
util
vmware-tools-distrib
workspace
公共的
模板
视频
图片
文档
下载
音乐
桌面

複製代碼

還有解釋查看一下左邊是否有個shell.txt以及shell.txt是否有相應的內容。
文章出處
http://www.importnew.com/22322.html

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